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Elderly sarcoidosis: A comparative study from a 42-year single-centre experience.

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Elderly sarcoidosis patients often present with more severe disease and poorer outcomes than younger individuals. This condition in older adults requires vigilance, as remission is less frequent and complications like pulmonary fibrosis are more common.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease of unknown etiology.
  • The clinical presentation and outcomes of sarcoidosis can vary significantly with age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical features and outcomes of sarcoidosis in elderly patients.
  • To compare these findings with those in younger sarcoidosis patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 668 sarcoidosis patients collected over 42 years.
  • Definition of elderly sarcoidosis as diagnosis in patients aged 65 years or older.

Main Results:

  • Elderly patients (≥65 years) showed a higher prevalence of advanced radiographic stages (III-IV), isolated extrapulmonary involvement, subcutaneous nodules, and intraabdominal/retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy at diagnosis.
  • Remission rates were lower in the elderly group (35% vs. 53%).
  • Elderly patients experienced a higher incidence of pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis-related mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Sarcoidosis in the elderly often presents with more severe disease and worse outcomes compared to younger patients.
  • Increased clinical suspicion is warranted for sarcoidosis in older individuals.
  • Specific extrapulmonary manifestations are more frequent in elderly sarcoidosis patients, with less frequent remission.