Targeting Ca²⁺ signalling through phytomolecules to combat cancer

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Biology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
• Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis is frequently disrupted in cancer cells, influencing tumor initiation, angiogenesis, progression, and metastasis.
• Targeting Ca2+ signaling pathways presents a promising, emerging approach for cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of altered intracellular Ca2+ signaling in cancer.
• To identify and compile phytomolecules (plant-derived compounds) that modulate Ca2+ channels, transporters, and pumps.
• To explore the potential of these phytomolecules in repurposing drugs for cancer therapy by targeting Ca2+ signaling.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies investigating Ca2+ signaling in cancer.
• Identification and categorization of phytomolecules with Ca2+ modulatory effects.
• Analysis of evidence linking Ca2+ pathway modulation to anti-cancer activity.

Main Results:

• Evidence confirms altered intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis in various cancer types.
• Numerous phytomolecules demonstrate potential as modulators of Ca2+ channels, transporters, and pumps.
• These plant-derived compounds offer a basis for developing novel cancer therapeutics targeting Ca2+ signaling.

Conclusions:

• Targeting aberrant Ca2+ signaling pathways is a viable strategy for cancer treatment.
• Phytomolecules represent a rich source of potential Ca2+ modulators for drug repurposing in oncology.
• Further research into these plant-based compounds could lead to innovative cancer therapies.