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Modified MicroSecure Vitrification: A Safe, Simple and Highly Effective Cryopreservation Procedure for Human Blastocysts
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Genome Modifying Reproductive Procedures and their Effects on Numerical Identity.

Calum MacKellar1

  • 1a Scottish Council on Human Bioethics , Edinburgh , Scotland , UK.

The New Bioethics : a Multidisciplinary Journal of Biotechnology and the Body
|May 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary

New genome modification techniques raise ethical questions about identity. Origin Essentialism suggests these procedures create new individuals, potentially violating fundamental rights by selecting between persons.

Keywords:
gene editingmaternal spindle transfermitochondrial replacementnumerical identityorigin essentialismpronuclear transfer

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Area of Science:

  • Bioethics
  • Genetics
  • Philosophy of Identity

Background:

  • Novel genome modification procedures like Maternal Spindle Transfer, Pronuclear Transfer, Cytoplasmic Transfer, and Genome Editing are under ethical review.
  • Key ethical considerations involve the impact of these technologies on individual identity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present existing identity arguments concerning novel reproductive procedures.
  • To introduce an alternative perspective using Origin Essentialism to analyze identity effects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current ethical assessments and identity arguments.
  • Application of Origin Essentialism to reproductive technologies.

Main Results:

  • Distinction between qualitative identity (modifying existing traits) and numerical identity (creating a new individual).
  • Origin Essentialism posits that changes in conception conditions (biology, time, space) create a numerically distinct individual.

Conclusions:

  • Genome modification procedures may result in the creation of new individuals.
  • This constitutes a form of selection between potential persons, potentially contravening fundamental rights.