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Related Concept Videos

Adult Stem Cells01:33

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Adult Stem Cell Functioning in the Tumor Micro-Environment.

Yuhan Jiang1,2, Alan Wells3,4,5,6,7, Kyle Sylakowski8,9

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. yuhan@pitt.edu.

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|May 28, 2019
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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) significantly influence tumor progression by interacting with the tumor microenvironment (TME). Understanding these interactions offers potential strategies to modulate cancer growth and improve treatments.

Keywords:
cancer-associated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitionmatricellular proteinssecretome

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Tumor progression involves dissemination from primary sites, often driven by signals from the tumor microenvironment (TME).
  • Mesenchymal stem cells/multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) are key cellular components within the TME with the potential to modulate cancer cells and the TME globally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging evidence on how adult mesenchymal stem cells/multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) impact solid tumor progression.
  • To explore the role of MSCs, originating from bone marrow or local tissues, in cancer development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on MSCs and their role in tumor progression.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways and cellular interactions involving MSCs within the TME.

Main Results:

  • MSCs, from various sources, can significantly influence solid tumor progression.
  • Evidence suggests MSCs orchestrate a complex web of signals and interactions within the TME.

Conclusions:

  • MSCs play a critical role in driving tumor progression through extrinsic signaling.
  • Modulating MSC-TME interactions presents a potential therapeutic avenue for cancer treatment.