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Ocular manifestations of internal carotid artery dissection

Jin-Xin Song1,2, Xue-Mei Lin3, Zhao-Qin Hao1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, the First Hospital of Xi'an; Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology; First Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern University, Xi'an 710002, Shaanxi Province, China.

International Journal of Ophthalmology
|May 28, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD) can cause vision problems and Horner syndrome. Ocular symptoms may be the first sign of ICAD, even without classic symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Neurology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD) involves arterial wall intima disruption, leading to intramural hematoma.
  • This hematoma can compress the vessel's true lumen, causing stenosis or occlusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the ocular manifestations associated with internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD).
  • To categorize these ocular findings for better understanding and diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of case reports and studies on ICAD.
  • Categorization of ocular manifestations into visual symptoms, oculosympathetic palsy, and ocular motor nerve palsy.

Main Results:

  • ICAD can present with a range of ocular symptoms, not limited to the classic triad.
  • Ocular manifestations can be the initial or sole presenting signs of ICAD.
  • Key categories include visual disturbances, Horner syndrome, and cranial nerve palsies affecting eye movement.

Conclusions:

  • Ocular manifestations are a significant aspect of internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD).
  • Recognizing these varied ocular signs is crucial for timely ICAD diagnosis, especially when classic symptoms are absent.

Keywords:
internal carotid artery dissectionocular manifestationocular motor nerve palsyoculosympathetic palsyvisual symptoms

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