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Renal substrate utilization in normal and acidotic rats.

The American Journal of Physiology

|August 1, 1987

Summary

The kidneys utilize various substrates for energy, with lactate being primary in normal rats. Acidosis and diabetic ketoacidosis alter substrate utilization, increasing glutamine and ketone body use, respectively.

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Area of Science:

Nephrology
Metabolic Research
Physiology

Background:

The kidney's role in substrate metabolism is crucial for maintaining homeostasis.
Understanding how different physiological states affect renal substrate utilization is important for metabolic research.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate renal arteriovenous (A-V) concentration differences of major respiratory substrates in control, NH4Cl-acidotic, and diabetic ketoacidotic (DKA) rats.
To determine net renal substrate extractions and their contribution to renal metabolism under varying conditions.

Main Methods:

Measurement of renal A-V concentration differences for key respiratory substrates in whole blood.
Calculation of net renal substrate extractions using A-V differences and measured renal blood flows.
In vitro studies on renal cortical slices to assess substrate utilization.

Main Results:

In control rats, lactate was the primary extracted substrate (78%), with minor contributions from citrate and ketone bodies.
NH4Cl-acidotic rats showed reduced lactate extraction but increased glutamine extraction (28%).
DKA rats exhibited significant ketone body extraction (56%), alongside notable glutamine extraction (23%), though part of this was due to urinary excretion. Lactate extraction was low.

Conclusions:

Kidneys extract various substrates, with utilization patterns shifting significantly in acidosis and DKA.
Lactate, glutamine, and ketone bodies can serve as major respiratory fuels for the kidney in different metabolic states.
Renal substrate extraction is a dynamic process influenced by acid-base balance and ketoacidosis.

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