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Arterial Stiffness as a Risk Factor for Subclinical Coronary Artery Calcification in Predialysis Chronic Kidney

Young Youl Hyun1, Hyang Kim1, Kook-Hwan Oh2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Kidney & Blood Pressure Research
|May 28, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Increased arterial stiffness, measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), is linked to coronary artery calcification (CAC) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Further research is needed to confirm this association

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Arterial stiffness and coronary artery calcification (CAC) are key cardiovascular disease (CVD) predictors.
  • The association between arterial stiffness and CAC is established in the general population but less understood in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between arterial stiffness and CAC in predialysis CKD patients.
  • To determine if increased arterial stiffness is associated with a higher prevalence and severity of CAC in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 1,385 predialysis CKD patients from the KNOW-CKD cohort.
  • Arterial stiffness assessed using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), with participants grouped by quartile.
  • Coronary artery calcification (CAC) assessed via cardiac computed tomography, with CAC defined as a coronary artery calcium score (CACS) >100.

Main Results:

  • CAC prevalence significantly increased across higher baPWV quartiles (43.8% in the highest vs. 6.4% in the lowest).
  • Fully adjusted analyses showed a 3.03-fold higher CACS ratio and a 1.98-fold increased odds of CAC in the highest baPWV quartile compared to the lowest.
  • Results remained consistent across different CAC definitions and subgroups.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated arterial stiffness, indicated by high baPWV, is significantly associated with CAC in predialysis CKD patients.
  • Longitudinal studies are warranted to elucidate the causal role of arterial stiffness in the development and progression of CAC within the CKD population.
Abstract

Keywords:
Arterial stiffnessChronic kidney diseaseCoronary calcificationPulse wave velocityVascular calcification

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