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A Versatile Murine Model of Subcortical White Matter Stroke for the Study of Axonal Degeneration and White Matter Neurobiology
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White Matter Hyperintensities Predict Cognitive Decline: A Community-Based Study.

Xuemei Qi1, Huidong Tang1, Qi Luo1

  • 1Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques
|May 29, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in the elderly brain are linked to cognitive decline. Specifically, periventricular WMHs predict faster decline, suggesting targeted interventions may help preserve cognitive function.

Keywords:
Cognitive declinePopulation-based studyWhite matter diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Geriatrics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are common in elderly brain MRI scans.
  • WMHs are frequently associated with cognitive decline and dementia.
  • The specific relationship between WMHs in different brain regions and cognitive decline requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the severity of WMHs in various brain regions and cognitive decline in non-demented elderly individuals.
  • To determine if WMH severity predicts the rate of cognitive decline over time.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 115 non-demented elderly individuals (≥50 years) from Shanghai underwent brain MRI (2009-2011) and cognitive assessments (MMSE) every 2-4 years (2009-2018).
  • WMH severity was quantified using the Improved Scheltens Scale and Cholinergic Pathways Hyperintensities Scale (CHIPS).
  • Statistical analyses adjusted for multiple confounding factors including demographics, vascular risk factors, and genetic status.

Main Results:

  • Periventricular and subcortical WMH lesions, as well as WMHs in cholinergic pathways, were significantly associated with annual MMSE decline (p < 0.05).
  • The severity of periventricular WMHs was a significant predictor of faster cognitive decline, with an average decline of -0.187 points/year (95% CI: -0.349, -0.026, p = 0.024).

Conclusions:

  • Baseline WMH severity is associated with longitudinal cognitive decline in non-demented elderly individuals.
  • Targeted interventions addressing WMH lesions may potentially mitigate cognitive deterioration in aging populations.