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Post-tilleyite, a dense calcium silicate-carbonate phase.

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Scientists discovered a new, denser form of the mineral tilleyite under high-pressure conditions. This finding reveals crucial insights into the structural behavior of deep Earth minerals during subduction processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Mineralogy
  • Geochemistry
  • High-pressure geophysics

Background:

  • Calcium carbonate is transported into the deep Earth via subduction.
  • High-temperature reactions between calcium carbonate and silicates form mixed silicate-carbonate minerals.
  • The structural response of these minerals to deep Earth pressures remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural behavior of tilleyite under high-pressure conditions.
  • To characterize new polymorphs of tilleyite formed at elevated pressures.
  • To understand the implications for deep Earth mineralogy and geochemistry.

Main Methods:

  • High-pressure and high-temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments (powder and single-crystal).
  • Raman spectroscopy measurements.
  • Ab-initio computational simulations.

Main Results:

  • A dense polymorph of Ca 5(Si 2O 7)(CO 3) 2 tilleyite was identified above 8 GPa.
  • Structural characterization of tilleyite phases at high pressures and temperatures was achieved.
  • Equations of state and polyhedral unit evolution under compression were determined.

Conclusions:

  • The post-tilleyite structure exhibits multiple cation sites with variable coordination and compressibility.
  • This structure can accommodate various cation sizes and valencies, relevant for natural mineral assemblages containing alumina.
  • Findings advance understanding of deep Earth mineral transformations during subduction.