Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 24, 2026
16:45
Nonhuman Primate Lung Decellularization and Recellularization Using a Specialized Large-organ Bioreactor
Published on: December 15, 2013
10.2K
The Organization of the Primate Insular Cortex
1Functional and Comparative Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Werner Reichardt Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Tübingen, Germany.
Frontiers in Neuroanatomy
|May 29, 2019
Summary
The primate insular cortex, once thought primitive, is a key brain hub. It integrates bodily states with cognition, potentially shaping emotional awareness and subjective experience.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Comparative Anatomy
Background:
- The primate insular cortex was historically viewed as a rudimentary brain region.
- Recent evidence highlights its complex organization and connectivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a novel working model of the insular cortex.
- To elucidate its role in interoception and cognitive processes.
Main Methods:
- Review of neuroanatomical and functional evidence, primarily from macaque monkeys.
- Development of a model based on accumulated data.
Main Results:
- The insular cortex processes interoceptive afferents from the body.
- A pathway from the primary interoceptive cortex through insular stripes to anterior agranular areas was proposed.
- Specialized neurons in anterior insula may link autonomic function, emotion, and awareness.
Conclusions:
- The insular cortex is a highly evolved hub integrating bodily states with cognition.
- This integration is crucial for emotional embodiment and subjective awareness.
- The proposed model offers a framework for understanding insular cortex function in primates.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Association Areas of the Cortex
9.1K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
9.1K
01:09Levels of Organization
139.3K
Biological organization is the classification of biological structures, ranging from atoms at the bottom of the hierarchy to the Earth's biosphere. Each level of the hierarchy represents an increase in complexity that builds upon the previous level.
Molecules Are Composed of Atoms, and Biomolecules Are Assembled from Molecules:
The most basic levels include atoms, molecules, and biomolecules. Atoms, the smallest unit of ordinary matter, are composed of a nucleus and electrons. Molecules...
Molecules Are Composed of Atoms, and Biomolecules Are Assembled from Molecules:
The most basic levels include atoms, molecules, and biomolecules. Atoms, the smallest unit of ordinary matter, are composed of a nucleus and electrons. Molecules...
139.3K
01:14Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex
7.2K
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
7.2K
01:31Accessory Organs
74.0K
Accessory organs are those that participate in the digestion of food but do not come into direct contact with it like the mouth, stomach, or intestine do. Accessory organs secrete enzymes into the digestive tract to facilitate the breakdown of food.
74.0K
03:02Organic Compounds
56.9K
All living things are formed mostly of carbon compounds called organic compounds. The category of organic compounds includes both natural and synthetic compounds that contain carbon. Although a single, precise definition has yet to be identified by the chemistry community, most agree that a defining trait of organic molecules is the presence of carbon as the principal element, bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. However, some carbon-containing compounds such as carbonates, cyanides, and...
56.9K
00:53Transgenic Organisms
33.2K
Overview
33.2K