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Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Tool to Induce Plasticity in Pathways Relevant for Extinction Learning

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There Is More Than One Kind of Extinction Learning.

Jarid Goodman¹, Mark G Packard²

¹Department of Psychology, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, United States.

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience

|May 29, 2019

Summary

Different brain regions, including the hippocampus and dorsolateral striatum (DLS), manage distinct types of memory extinction. The effectiveness of extinction protocols depends on the memory type and specific neural system involved.

Keywords:

basal ganglia extinction hippocampus learning memory striatum

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Behavioral Science

Background:

Multiple memory systems are supported by dissociable neural systems.
Evidence suggests these systems are also involved in extinction behavior.
Previous research focused on acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval, with less on extinction.

Purpose of the Study:

To review maze learning experiments supporting a multiple memory systems approach to extinction.
To investigate how different neural systems mediate distinct types of extinction learning.
To examine the influence of extinction protocols and memory types on neural system involvement.

Main Methods:

Review of recent maze learning experiments.
Analysis of evidence for dissociable roles of the hippocampus and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) in extinction.
Examination of how extinction protocols affect memory system engagement.

Main Results:

The hippocampus and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) mediate different kinds of extinction learning.
Extinction protocol effectiveness varies based on the memory type being extinguished.
Neural system involvement in extinction is contingent on both the protocol and the memory undergoing extinction.

Conclusions:

A novel model of multiple memory systems in extinction is proposed.
This approach has implications for understanding conditioned fear extinction.
The findings are relevant for treating psychopathologies involving maladaptive memories, such as addiction and relapse.