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Related Experiment Videos

Fat emulsion adversely affects lymphocyte reactivity.

D M Francis, B K Shenton

    The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery
    |May 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Parenteral nutrition fat emulsions can suppress immune cell function. This study found that fat emulsions, but not dextrose or amino acids, impaired lymphocyte reactivity in vitro and in patients receiving parenteral nutrition.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Nutrition Science

    Background:

    • Nutritional repletion can improve cell-mediated immunity in malnourished individuals.
    • The specific impact of intravenous nutrient solutions on the immune system remains largely uncharacterized.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of various parenteral nutrition solutions on in vitro lymphocyte reactivity.
    • To assess lymphocyte responsiveness in patients undergoing parenteral nutrition therapy.

    Main Methods:

    • Human lymphocytes were incubated with different parenteral nutrition components (amino acid/dextrose, amino acid/dextrose/fat, amino acid, dextrose, fat emulsion).
    • Lymphocyte responsiveness to specific antigens (PPD) and mitogens (PHA) was measured using an in vitro electrophoretic test.
    • Lymphocyte reactivity was also assessed in 15 postoperative patients receiving either electrolyte solutions or parenteral nutrition with or without fat emulsion.

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    Main Results:

    • Fat emulsion significantly depressed in vitro lymphocyte responses at clinically relevant concentrations (P < 0.001).
    • Dextrose and amino acid solutions did not affect lymphocyte reactivity.
    • Patients receiving fat emulsion showed significantly reduced lymphocyte reactivity compared to controls (P < 0.05).

    Conclusions:

    • Fat emulsions used in parenteral nutrition can impair lymphocyte reactivity.
    • Caution is advised when administering fat emulsions to patients with pre-existing compromised cell-mediated immunity.