Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: May 16, 2025

BLK and BANK1 polymorphisms and interactions are associated in Mexican patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Julian Ramírez-Bello¹, Silvia Jiménez-Morales², Isela Montufar-Robles³

¹Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades, Metabólicas y Endócrinas, Hospital Juárez de México, Av Instituto Politécnico Nacional 5160, Magdalena de las Salinas, 07760, Mexico City, Mexico. dr.julian.ramirez.hjm@gmail.com.

Inflammation Research : Official Journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [Et Al.]

|May 29, 2019

Abstract

Objectives:

The BLK and BANK1 genes have been consistently associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primarily in European or Asian-derived populations. However, this finding has not been replicated in Latin-American patients.

Methods:

Our study included 881 women from Mexico: 487 healthy controls and 394 SLE patients. The BLK rs13277113A/G-rs2736340T/C as well as BANK1 rs10516487G/A (R61H)-rs3733197G/A (A383T) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were evaluated using a TaqMan^® SNP genotyping assay.

Results:

Our data showed that the BLK rs2736340T/C and rs13277113A/G polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to SLE (C vs T, OR 1.60, p = 2×10^-5; G vs A, OR 1.53, p = 9 × 10^-5, respectively). We also identified an association between the functional BANK1 R61H polymorphism and SLE (A vs G, OR 1.56, p = 0.002). In addition, we observed a genetic interaction between BLK (rs2736340T/C, rs13277113A/G) and BANK1 (R61H and A383T) associated with susceptibility to SLE.

Conclusion:

This is the first study documenting an association between BLK and BANK1 and SLE in a Latin-American population. Our data confirm previous reports: BLK and BANK1 are factors associated with SLE. Thus, both genes are universal loci for this autoimmune disease.

Keywords:

Association BANK1 BLK Single nucleotide polymorphisms Susceptibility Systemic lupus erythematosus

More Related Videos

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus SLE in C57BL/6 Mice

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus SLE in C57BL/6 Mice

Published on: November 1, 2015

Skin Biopsy for Diagnosing Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Skin Biopsy for Diagnosing Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: June 10, 2025

Related Concept Videos

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...

Second Order systems II

Second Order systems II

In an underdamped second-order system, where the damping ratio ζ is between 0 and 1, a unit-step input results in a transfer function that, when transformed using the inverse Laplace method, reveals the output response. The output exhibits a damped sinusoidal oscillation, and the difference between the input and output is termed the error signal. This error signal also demonstrates damped oscillatory behavior. Eventually, as the system reaches a steady state, the error diminishes to zero.

First Order Systems

First Order Systems

First-order systems, such as RC circuits, are foundational in understanding dynamic systems due to their straightforward input-output relationship. Analyzing their responses to different input functions under zero initial conditions reveals significant insights into system behavior.
When a first-order system is subjected to a unit-step input, its response is characterized by its transfer function. By applying the Laplace transform of the unit-step input to the transfer function, expanding the...

Second Order systems I

Second Order systems I

A servo system exemplifies a second-order system, featuring a proportional controller and load elements that ensure the output position aligns with the input position. The relationship between these components is described by a second-order differential equation. Applying the Laplace transform under zero initial conditions yields the transfer function, showing how inputs are converted to outputs in the system.
By reinterpreting the system, one can derive the closed-loop transfer function, which...

Classification of Systems-I

Classification of Systems-I

Linearity is a system property characterized by a direct input-output relationship, combining homogeneity and additivity.
Homogeneity dictates that if an input x(t) is multiplied by a constant c, the output y(t) is multiplied by the same constant. Mathematically, this is expressed as:

Keywords:

Association BANK1 BLK Single nucleotide polymorphisms Susceptibility Systemic lupus erythematosus

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Exploiting Metabolic Vulnerabilities in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Rationale and Evidence for Combining Metabolic Modulators with Conventional Chemotherapy.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

BRD3OS Dysregulation in Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Integrative Network and RNA Structural Analysis of m6A-Related Candidate Regions.

Biomolecules·2026

Aloe-Emodin Modifies Adipogenic Genes and the Expression of miR-143 and miR-155 in 3T3-L1 Cells.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Exploratory Association of 5' and 3' UTRs Variants in TYMS and CCND1 with Severe Hematologic Toxicity in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026

Added Sugar Intake Is Associated with Altered Plasma miR-143-5p and miR-223-3p Expression and Fasting Glucose Concentrations in Children from Mexico City.

Biomolecules·2026

Causal Inference in Non-Allergic Asthma Associated with Obesity: Application of the Bradford Hill Viewpoints to a Complex Epidemiological Association.

Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

See all related articles