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Refractory traumatic intracranial hypertension: the role of decompressive craniectomy

Luis R Moscote-Salazar1,2, Hernando R L Alvis-Miranda2, Yancarlos Ramos-Villegas2

  • 1Departamento de Neurocirugía, Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia.

Cirugia Y Cirujanos
|May 29, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Traumatic brain injury is a major global health issue. Decompressive craniectomy is a surgical option to manage severe intracranial hypertension when medical treatments fail.

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of global morbidity and mortality.
  • Intracranial hypertension (ICH) refractory to medical management increases mortality in neurotrauma.
  • Decompressive craniectomy is a surgical intervention for managing elevated intracranial pressure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms, types, and indications for decompressive craniectomy.
  • To provide an overview of surgical management for refractory intracranial hypertension.
  • To synthesize current literature on decompressive craniectomy in neurotrauma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on decompressive craniectomy.
  • Analysis of mechanisms and indications for the procedure.
  • Synthesis of data on surgical management of intracranial hypertension.

Main Results:

  • Decompressive craniectomy is a recognized treatment for intracranial hypertension.
  • The procedure is indicated for conditions including cerebral infarction, hemorrhage, and trauma.
  • Understanding the mechanisms and types is crucial for effective application.

Conclusions:

  • Decompressive craniectomy is a vital surgical option for refractory intracranial hypertension in neurotrauma.
  • The procedure addresses life-threatening elevations in intracranial pressure.
  • Further research can refine indications and techniques for optimal patient outcomes.

Keywords:
CraniectomyCraniectomíaCraniectomía descompresivaDecompressive craniectomyHipertensión intracranealIntracranial hypertensionNeurotrauma

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