Developmental Changes in Task-Induced Brain Deactivation in Humans Revealed by a Motor Task.
Tomoyo Morita1,2, Minoru Asada1,2, Eiichi Naito2,3
1Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Developmental Neurobiology
|May 29, 2019
Summary
Brain deactivation in task-irrelevant regions develops throughout childhood and adolescence. This developmental progression, particularly in visual and default mode network areas, is linked to improved motor task performance in adults.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Neuroscience
- Cognitive Neuroscience
Background:
- Task performance in adults involves activation of relevant brain regions and deactivation of irrelevant ones.
- Understanding the developmental trajectory of this deactivation process is crucial for comprehending typical brain maturation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how brain deactivation in task-irrelevant regions develops across childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.
- To examine the relationship between developmental deactivation patterns and motor task performance.
Main Methods:
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used in healthy children (8-11 years), adolescents (12-15 years), and young adults (20-24 years).
- Participants performed a repetitive button-press task synchronized to a sound cue with eyes closed.
- Deactivation patterns in sensorimotor cortex, visual, auditory, and default mode network regions were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Deactivation in ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex (SM1) and lateral occipital areas increased significantly from childhood to adolescence.
- Deactivation in medial occipital and default mode network (DMN) regions progressed from adolescence to adulthood.
- In adults, greater deactivation in bilateral primary visual cortices correlated with enhanced timing accuracy in the button-press task.
Conclusions:
- Region-specific deactivation progresses developmentally, potentially supporting sensorimotor function segregation.
- Task-induced deactivation in irrelevant brain regions appears to have functional significance.
- The development of cross-modal deactivation contributes to improved task performance in adults.
Keywords:
brain deactivationcross-modal inhibitiondevelopmentfunctional MRIipsilateral sensorimotor cortexMore Related Videos
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