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Adherence to Positive Airway Pressure for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children With Developmental

Eun Kyeong Kang1,2, Melissa S Xanthopoulos1, Ji Young Kim1,3

  • 1Sleep Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
|May 30, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Children with developmental disabilities (DD) showed better adherence to positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy, measured by nights used, compared to typically developing children. Usage duration was similar, indicating successful PAP use in children with DD.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Developmental Disabilities Research
  • Respiratory Therapy

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is prevalent in children.
  • Positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy is a common treatment for OSA.
  • Understanding adherence patterns in children with developmental disabilities (DD) is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare PAP adherence between children with DD and typically developing (TD) children.
  • To identify factors influencing PAP adherence in pediatric OSA patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of PAP adherence in 240 children with OSA.
  • Comparison of adherence metrics (percentage of nights used, hours of usage) at 3 and 6 months.
  • Median regression modeling to identify predictive factors of adherence.

Main Results:

  • Children with DD demonstrated significantly higher percentage of nights used at 3 and 6 months compared to TD children.
  • Hours of PAP usage on nights used were similar between DD and TD groups.
  • Adherence improved over time in both groups; higher income and earlier titration predicted adherence.

Conclusions:

  • Children with DD exhibit better PAP adherence, specifically in terms of nightly usage, than TD children.
  • PAP therapy is a viable and effective treatment for OSA in children with DD.
  • Socioeconomic factors and treatment initiation timing influence adherence across all children.
Abstract

Keywords:
adherencechildrendevelopmental disabilitiesobstructive sleep apneapositive airway pressure

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