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Exclusive Breastfeeding Duration and its Effect on the Health of the Children in Iran, a Meta Analysis

Hosein Dalili1, Mamak Shariat2, Fatemeh Nayeri1

  • 1Breastfeeding Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.

Journal of Pediatric Nursing
|May 30, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Exclusive breastfeeding (EB) in Iran averaged 4.1 months, meeting the lower WHO recommendation. Longer EB durations (5-6 months) were linked to better health outcomes in children with anemia and respiratory issues.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Nutrition

Background:

  • Exclusive breastfeeding (EB) is crucial for child growth and health.
  • Understanding the duration of EB and its impact is vital for public health initiatives.
  • Previous research on EB duration and child health in Iran requires systematic evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze research on exclusive breastfeeding duration.
  • To assess the effect of EB duration on the health of 2- to 5-year-old children in Iran.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases (DARE, Google Scholar, PubMed, Psyc INFO, Thomson Reuters, Cochrane, MedLib) from 1994 to 2016.
  • 38 studies met the eligibility criteria for this meta-analysis.
  • Pooled analysis of mean, mean difference, and proportions was performed.

Main Results:

  • The pooled mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding was 4.1 months (95% CI: 3.2, 4.99).
  • Meta-prevalence of EB up to 4 months was 65.0% (95% CI: 54.0, 77.0), and up to 5-6 months was 54% (95% CI: 46.0, 62.0).
  • An increasing trend in EB duration was observed from 1994 to 2016 (p ≤ 0.0001). EB until 5-6 months was more common in children with anemia and respiratory diseases compared to healthy children.

Conclusions:

  • The average EB duration of 4.1 months aligns with the lower limit of WHO recommendations.
  • EB up to 5-6 months is considered sufficient, provided iron intake is adequately monitored.
  • Monitoring EB guideline implementation and potentially adjusting iron administration duration is necessary.
Abstract

Keywords:
Anthropometric indicesAtopic syndromeBreastfeedingHuman milkIron deficiencyLactationMorbidityMortalityRespiratory disease

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