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Synaptic Failure Differentially Affects Pattern Formation in Heterogenous Networks.

Maral Budak1, Michal Zochowski1,2

  • 1Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.

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|May 30, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synaptic failure in brain networks can disrupt information processing and cause neurodegenerative diseases. This study reveals that synaptic failure can paradoxically increase network coherence, especially in activity-dependent scenarios.

Keywords:
network dynamicsnetwork synchronyscale-free networksspatio-temporal pattern formationsynaptic transmission failure

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Biology
  • Network Science

Background:

  • Synaptic transmission is vital for neural communication and information processing.
  • Synaptic failure is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases and may preferentially affect highly connected network hubs.
  • Network hubs are vulnerable to pathologies like amyloid deposition, potentially leading to Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of synaptic failure on the spatio-temporal dynamics of scale-free neural networks.
  • To compare the effects of activity-independent versus activity-dependent synaptic failure.
  • To understand how synaptic failure influences network coherence.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling scale-free networks with power-law degree distributions, representing hubs and low-connectivity neurons.
  • Simulating two types of synaptic failure: activity-independent and activity-dependent.
  • Analyzing network dynamics and coherence patterns based on connection directionality at hubs (incoming vs. outgoing).

Main Results:

  • Scale-free networks with incoming versus outgoing hub connections exhibit distinct dynamical properties.
  • Synaptic failure can lead to both loss and emergence of network coherence.
  • Activity-dependent synaptic failure homogenizes neuronal activity, creating conditions for increased coherence.

Conclusions:

  • Synaptic failure has complex effects on neural network dynamics, not always leading to reduced coherence.
  • Activity-dependent synaptic failure can unexpectedly enhance network coherence by homogenizing activity.
  • Findings offer insights into large-scale pattern formation during neurodegenerative diseases affecting synaptic transmission.