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Cross-Frequency Coupling in Developmental Perspective.

Gennady G Knyazev1, Alexander N Savostyanov1,2, Andrey V Bocharov1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Psychophysiology of Individual Differences, Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|May 30, 2019
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Summary

This study reveals that cross-frequency coupling (CFC) in electroencephalogram (EEG) brain activity is higher in adults than children, with introversion linked to higher CFC. These brain connectivity patterns emerge early in development.

Keywords:
EEGcross-frequency couplingdevelopmental trendsgrowth curve analysisintroversionsocial anxietysource-level analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Brain computational modes are often linked to distinct electroencephalogram (EEG) frequency bands.
  • Cross-frequency coupling (CFC) reflects the integration of these computational modes.
  • CFC may represent stable, trait-like properties on slow temporal scales, raising questions about its developmental trajectory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate source-level cross-frequency coupling (CFC) measures from a developmental perspective.
  • To examine both cross-sectional and longitudinal changes in CFC.
  • To explore the relationship between CFC and introversion during development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized source-level electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis to quantify cross-frequency coupling (CFC).
  • Employed both cross-sectional and longitudinal study designs to track developmental changes.
  • Assessed test-retest stability of CFC measures.

Main Results:

  • Cross-frequency coupling (CFC) measures exhibited good test-retest stability.
  • Adults showed higher CFC in cortical regions associated with sensory-motor integration, response inhibition, and attentional control compared to children.
  • Children displayed greater CFC in parietal regions linked to self-centered cognition.
  • Nonlinear growth trajectories of CFC were observed between ages 7 and 10.
  • Introversion correlated with increased CFC in brain areas involved in emotion, attention, and social cognition.

Conclusions:

  • Source-level CFC measures are reliable and show distinct developmental patterns.
  • Brain connectivity, as indexed by CFC, differs between children and adults, with specific patterns emerging early.
  • The association between introversion and brain connectivity (CFC) is evident early in development, particularly in regions related to social and emotional processing.