Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant for Treatment of Sarcoidosis-Related Uveitis

To assess the efficacy and safety of intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection in the management of sarcoidosis-related uveitis.

A retrospective analysis was performed of the efficacy and safety of intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection for indications such as intractable vitritis, vasculitis, or cystoid macular edema.

This study comprised 20 patients with sarcoidosis-related uveitis. A single injection was performed in 13 eyes (65%) and 35% required more than 2 injections during the follow-up period [median 16.5 months (range 6-32)]. The best-corrected visual acuity showed significant improvement at 1 month (P = 0.004) and 3 months (P = 0.001), but there was no significance at 6 months after implant injection (P = 0.186). One month after treatment, the central macular thickness decreased to 278.95 ± 52.20 μm (P = 0.023). It further decreased to 274.70 ± 55.88 μm at 3 months (P = 0.027), but there was no significance at 6 months (280.65 ± 64.48 μm, P = 0.074).The anterior chamber cell grade (P = 0.003) and vitreous haze (P = 0.001) were significantly decreased for up to 6 months after a single implant injection. The most common ocular complication was worsening of cataracts during the first 6 months.

Intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection is efficacious in reducing anterior chamber inflammation, vitreous haze, and cystoid macular edema in patients with sarcoidosis-related uveitis. Considering that sarcoidosis shows a chronic course of disease in a significant proportion of cases, intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection is a possible option to relieve intraocular inflammation.