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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Published on: June 16, 2014
An update of urine and blood metabolomics in chronic kidney disease
Shiva Kalantari1, Mohsen Nafar1
1Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Number 103, Boostan 9th Street, Pasdaran Avenue, 1666663111 Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:
Chronic kidney disease is considered as a serious obstacle in global health, with increasing incidence and prevalence. In spite of numerous attempts by using recent omics technologies, specially metabolomics, for understanding pathophysiology, molecular mechanism and identification reliable consensus biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of this complex disease, the current biomarkers are still insensitive and many questions about its pathomechanism are still to be unanswered. This review is focused on recent findings about urine and serum/plasma metabolite biomarkers and changes in the pathways that occurs in the disease conditions. The urine and blood metabolome content in the normal and disease state is investigated based on the current metabolomics studies and well known metabolite candidate biomarkers for chronic kidney disease are discussed.
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