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Stemarane Diterpenes and Diterpenoids.

Francesca Leonelli1, Alessio Valletta2, Luisa Maria Migneco3

  • 1Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università degli Studi La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy. francesca.leonelli@uniroma1.it.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 31, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This review covers stemarane diterpenes and diterpenoids from natural sources, detailing their structure, biosynthesis, and biological activities. It also summarizes synthetic and enantiosynthetic efforts for these complex natural products.

Keywords:
biogenesisbiosynthesisditerpenesditerpenoidsenantiosynthesisisolationstemaranestructuresynthesis

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Area of Science:

  • Natural Product Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Stemarane diterpenes and diterpenoids are a class of natural products found in various global sources.
  • These compounds possess diverse biological activities and complex structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the scientific literature on stemarane diterpenes and diterpenoids.
  • To consolidate information on their isolation, structure elucidation, biogenesis, biosynthesis, biotransformations, and biological activities.
  • To summarize synthetic and enantiosynthetic approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles and research.
  • Analysis of reported data on structure elucidation, including spectroscopic methods.
  • Compilation of information on biosynthetic pathways and enzymatic transformations.
  • Review of studies on biological activities and pharmacological effects.
  • Summary of synthetic strategies and total synthesis efforts.

Main Results:

  • Comprehensive overview of known stemarane diterpenes and diterpenoids.
  • Detailed insights into their structural diversity and stereochemistry.
  • Elucidation of biosynthetic pathways and potential for biotransformation.
  • Documentation of various biological activities, including potential therapeutic applications.
  • Summary of successful synthetic and enantiosynthetic routes.

Conclusions:

  • Stemarane diterpenes and diterpenoids represent a significant class of natural products with rich chemistry and biology.
  • Continued research is vital for understanding their biosynthesis, exploring their bioactivity, and developing efficient synthetic methodologies.
  • This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers in natural product chemistry, organic synthesis, and pharmacology.