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New Era for Next-Generation Sequencing in Japan

Masayuki Takeda1, Kazuko Sakai2, Takayuki Takahama3

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan. takeda_m@med.kindai.ac.jp.

Cancers
|May 31, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) advances cancer treatment by identifying key genes in solid tumors. Japan is implementing NGS for clinical trials and approved gene panels, but needs training in variant interpretation.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Understanding the molecular basis of cancer has led to targeted therapies.
  • Discovery of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes offers new treatment avenues.
  • Specific driver oncogenes (EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, HER2) are clinically actionable in solid tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the implementation of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) in Japan for cancer gene profiling.
  • To highlight the clinical application of NGS in guiding patients to relevant clinical trials.
  • To address the need for developing a medical curriculum for clinical variant interpretation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies for simultaneous testing of multiple cancer-related genes.
  • Implementing NGS-based mutational profiling in hospitals for solid tumor patients.
  • Reviewing recent progress and regulatory approvals of cancer gene panels in Japan.

Main Results:

  • NGS enables comprehensive genetic testing on small tissue samples.
  • Several Japanese hospitals are actively using NGS for patient screening and clinical trial matching.
  • The Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare in Japan has approved multiple cancer gene panels for clinical use.

Conclusions:

  • NGS is increasingly integrated into clinical practice in Japan for solid tumors.
  • Successful implementation requires addressing the need for specialized training in variant interpretation and reporting.
  • Further development of medical education is crucial for maximizing the benefits of NGS in oncology.
Keywords:
clinical sequencingnext-generation sequencing (NGS)precision medicinesolid cancer

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