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Breathing pattern during maximal exercise and during submaximal exercise with hypercapnia.

C G Gallagher, E Brown, M Younes

    Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
    |July 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The tidal volume (VT) plateau during intense exercise is not caused by high exercise levels but by the overall ventilation (VI) volume. This finding clarifies respiratory responses during strenuous physical activity.

    Area of Science:

    • Exercise Physiology
    • Respiratory Physiology

    Background:

    • During progressive exercise, ventilation (VI) increases via tidal volume (VT) and respiratory frequency (f).
    • At high exercise intensities, VI increases primarily through elevated f, with VT reaching a plateau.
    • The cause of this VT plateau—whether exercise intensity or VI level—remains debated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate if the VT plateau during maximal exercise is due to high exercise intensity or the level of VI.
    • To differentiate between tachypneic influences and a stereotypic respiratory response.

    Main Methods:

    • Compared breathing patterns in six subjects during maximal incremental exercise (ME).
    • Compared breathing patterns in the same subjects when similar VI levels were achieved using submaximal exercise combined with hypercapnia (E/CO2).

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    Main Results:

    • A VT plateau was observed in all ME and E/CO2 tests.
    • No significant difference was found in the VT plateau level between ME (2.93 ± 0.17 L) and E/CO2 (2.97 ± 0.12 L) conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • The VT plateau during maximal exercise is a function of the ventilation (VI) level, not a specific tachypneic stimulus from high exercise intensity.
    • This suggests a stereotypic respiratory system response at elevated VI levels.