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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation01:15

Overview of Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation

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The systemic and pulmonary circuits are crucial components of the circulatory system, working together to transport blood between the heart, lungs, and the rest of the body. The process begins with pulmonary circulation, where deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary trunk and arteries. Upon reaching the lungs, the blood becomes oxygenated and returns to the heart, specifically to the left atrium, via the pulmonary veins.
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The heart, an organ critical to survival, gets nourishment not from the blood it pumps but from a separate circulation system known as coronary circulation. This is the shortest circulation in the body and is responsible for supplying the heart with the nutrients it needs to function effectively.
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Overview of Pulmonary Circulation01:19

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The pulmonary circulation is a vital system in our body that acts as a bridge between the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. It serves as a transport network for deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and then returns oxygen-rich blood back to the heart.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Whole-Body Nanoparticle Aerosol Inhalation Exposures
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Nanoparticle exposure driven circulating bioactive peptidome causes systemic inflammation and vascular dysfunction.

Ekaterina Mostovenko1, Tamara Young2, Pretal P Muldoon1

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980709, Richmond, VA, 23298-0709, USA.

Particle and Fibre Toxicology
|May 31, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pulmonary nanoparticle exposure releases peptide fragments that cause systemic inflammation and vascular dysfunction. These fragments, mediated by matrix proteases, act as indirect biomarkers for health outcomes.

Keywords:
Carbon nanotubesInflammationLungMMPMWCNTMass spectrometryNanomaterialNanoparticlesPeptidomeThrombospondinVascular dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Nanomedicine
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Mechanisms of systemic effects from pulmonary nanoparticle exposure are unclear.
  • An indirect process involves lung-derived factors causing systemic inflammation and vascular dysfunction.
  • The composition and production of these circulating factors remain unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of nanoparticle-induced peptide fragments in systemic pathobiology.
  • To assess the contribution of these fragments using a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) model.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data-independent mass spectrometry for quantitative peptide characterization.
  • Analyzed bronchoalveolar lavage and serum biofluids for MWCNT-responsive peptides.
  • Curated databases for matrix protease substrates and signaling motifs to identify key peptides.

Main Results:

  • Identified 841 significant MWCNT-responses, with 567 correlating between lung and serum.
  • Characterized 73 MWCNT-responsive peptides linked to cardiovascular, ECM, and immune processes.
  • Demonstrated peptide fraction bioactivity, inducing endothelial inflammation and vascular dysfunction ex vivo.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary nanoparticles upregulate matrix proteases, inducing a complex lung and blood peptidomic response.
  • Serum peptide fragments mediate peripheral bioactivity, causing inflammation, vasodilatory dysfunction, and inhibiting angiogenesis.
  • Peptide fragments are identified as indirect, non-cytokine mediators and potential biomarkers of systemic health.