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[Cerebral venous thrombosis in children: about a series of 12 cases]

Naima Baddouh1, Safaa Elbakri1, Ghizlane Draiss1

  • 1Service de Pédiatrie A, CHU Med VI Marrakech, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université, Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Maroc.

The Pan African Medical Journal
|May 31, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) in children presents diverse symptoms and causes. Antithrombotic therapy shows promise, though outcomes vary, highlighting the need for further research in pediatric CVT.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Vascular Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but serious condition in children.
  • CVT carries a significant risk of mortality and long-term neurological deficits.
  • Understanding the clinical, radiological, and etiological aspects is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical presentation, imaging findings, and causes of CVT in pediatric patients.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and outcomes of antithrombotic treatment in children with CVT.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study was conducted over nine years and ten months.
  • Data were collected from medical records of pediatric patients (1 month to 15 years) with confirmed CVT.
  • Imaging modalities included CT scan and/or MRI.

Main Results:

  • Twelve pediatric cases of CVT were identified, with a mean age of 6.4 years.
  • Common clinical features included seizures, focal neurological signs, and signs of intracranial hypertension.
  • Infections were the most frequent identified cause (6 cases), followed by dehydration and systemic diseases. Two cases were idiopathic.
  • Superficial venous network involvement was observed in 8 cases.
  • Antithrombotic therapy was administered to seven children, resulting in good outcomes in five cases.
  • Mortality occurred in two patients, and three experienced neurological sequelae.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric CVT exhibits a wide range of clinical manifestations and etiologies.
  • Antithrombotic therapy appears beneficial in managing pediatric CVT, despite the lack of standardized protocols.
  • Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential to improve outcomes and reduce morbidity in children with CVT.

Keywords:
Antithromboticcerebral venous thrombosischildimaging

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