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Meningococcal disease in Louisiana 1978-1985.

J B Vaughn, T J Forti, J E Banta

Journal of Community Health

|January 1, 1987

Summary

Meningococcal disease surveillance in Louisiana from 1978-1985 revealed an average incidence of 2.1 cases per 100,000 population. Young children and February showed the highest risk for this bacterial infection.

Area of Science:

Epidemiology
Infectious Disease Surveillance
Public Health

Background:

Meningococcal disease remains a significant public health concern globally.
Understanding regional incidence and fatality rates is crucial for targeted interventions.
Louisiana's specific epidemiological data for meningococcal disease during the late 20th century requires detailed analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the epidemiology of meningococcal disease in Louisiana between 1978 and 1985.
To identify trends in incidence, case fatality rates, and demographic risk factors.
To compare Louisiana's rates with national averages.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 729 reported meningococcal cases and 122 deaths.
Data sourced from the Louisiana Department of Health and Human Resources.

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Calculation of incidence rates by year, sex, race, age group, and geographic location (parishes).

Main Results:

An eight-year average incidence rate of 2.1 cases per 100,000 population was observed.
The highest case fatality rate was 23.7% in 1981.
Incidence was highest in children under five years old, with February being the peak month for disease onset and death.
Louisiana's overall incidence rates exceeded those of the United States during the study period.

Conclusions:

Meningococcal disease posed a notable risk in Louisiana during 1978-1985, particularly for young children.
Geographic and temporal patterns highlight the need for ongoing surveillance and public health preparedness.
The findings underscore Louisiana's higher burden of meningococcal disease compared to national trends at the time.