Chronic Functional Constipation in Infants and Children

Area of Science:

• Pediatrics
• Gastroenterology
• Child Health

Background:

• Functional constipation (FC) is a prevalent pediatric condition, affecting approximately 3% of children worldwide.
• It accounts for 3-5% of pediatric visits, significantly impacting healthcare costs.
• FC is diagnosed when no underlying organic cause is identified, characterized by infrequent, hard stools, pain, and sometimes incontinence.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the characteristics and management strategies for functional constipation in children.
• To differentiate FC management in infants from older children.

Main Methods:

• Review of current clinical recommendations for functional constipation management.
• Emphasis on lifestyle modifications including fiber, fluid intake, and physical activity.
• Pharmacological approaches for fecal disimpaction and maintenance therapy.

Main Results:

• Standard management includes dietary adjustments, adequate hydration, and physical activity.
• Pharmacological treatment is recommended for fecal disimpaction followed by maintenance therapy.
• Infants with constipation require distinct management due to a higher risk of underlying organic disease.

Conclusions:

• Functional constipation is a common, costly pediatric condition requiring a multi-faceted management approach.
• Treatment strategies should be tailored, considering age, with infants needing careful evaluation for organic causes.
• Effective management combines lifestyle interventions with appropriate pharmacotherapy.