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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Precision measurement

Background:

  • Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) exhibit unique quantum phenomena.
  • Optical ring cavities are sensitive to phase shifts.
  • Supersolid phases offer novel light-matter interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel composite light-matter interferometer for measuring gravitational acceleration.
  • To investigate the sensitivity and robustness of the proposed gravimeter.
  • To explore the potential of supersolid BECs in precision sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a driven Bose-Einstein condensate in a supersolidlike phase.
  • Coupling the condensate to counterpropagating electromagnetic modes in an optical ring cavity.
  • Monitoring the phase evolution of cavity output fields to detect gravitational effects.

Main Results:

  • The supersolid condensate's motion under gravity alters the optical potential and relative phase of cavity fields.
  • The gravimeter exhibits Heisenberg-like scaling with atom number, enhancing sensitivity.
  • The system demonstrates robustness against photon losses due to phase insensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, highly sensitive, and robust gravimeter based on light-matter interaction in a supersolid BEC is proposed.
  • The device offers potential for precision measurements of gravitational acceleration.
  • Future experiments could achieve relative sensitivities of 10^-10 to 10^-8.