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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Non-Hermitian Physics

Background:

  • Topological phases of matter, recently extended to sound, confine acoustic energy at corners of higher-order topological insulators.
  • Parity-time (PT) symmetry is a key concept in non-Hermitian systems, influencing their properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of parity-time symmetry in topological sound confinement.
  • To reveal new topologically protected confinement rules governed by the geometry of gain and loss units.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of parity-time symmetry into topological acoustic insulators.
  • Analysis of sound trapping mechanisms based on the geometrical arrangement of gain and loss elements.

Main Results:

  • Topologically protected sound trapping occurs at all corners when parity-time symmetry is intact.
  • Beyond the exceptional point in the broken phase, opposite corners exhibit distinct sink- or source-like states.
  • Demonstration of novel non-Hermitian acoustic guides for sound.

Conclusions:

  • Parity-time symmetry introduces new rules for topological sound confinement.
  • The geometrical arrangement of gain and loss units dictates sound trapping locations.
  • Findings pave the way for novel non-Hermitian acoustic devices and sound manipulation.