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Melasma and thyroid disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Motahhareh Kheradmand1, Mahdi Afshari2, Giovanni Damiani3,4,5
1Health Science Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
International Journal of Dermatology
|June 1, 2019
Summary
Thyroid hormones may influence melasma. This meta-analysis found higher thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) levels in melasma patients, particularly women.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Dermatology
Background:
- The potential role of thyroid hormones in melasma pathogenesis is debated.
- Existing research on the link between melasma and thyroid disorders is inconclusive.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis comparing serum thyroid hormone levels in melasma patients versus controls.
- To evaluate serum levels of TSH, T3, T4, anti-TPO, and antithyroglobulin.
- To investigate the association between anti-TPO and melasma.
Main Methods:
- Systematic screening of 10 databases and search engines.
- Quality assessment of included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).
- Meta-analysis using random effects models and P value meta-analysis for anti-TPO.
Main Results:
- Seven studies with 473 cases and 379 controls were included.
- Significantly higher serum levels of TSH (SMD=0.33) and antithyroglobulin antibody (SMD=0.62) in melasma patients.
- A significant relationship was found between anti-TPO serum levels and melasma (P=0.020).
Conclusions:
- Elevated serum TSH, anti-TPO, and antithyroglobulin antibody levels are associated with melasma.
- These thyroid-related differences are more pronounced in women with melasma.
- The findings suggest a link between thyroid dysfunction and melasma development.
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