Biomimetic Octopus-like Particles for Ultraspecific Capture and Detection of Pathogens

Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria (such as sepsis and meningitis) seriously threaten public health; therefore, rapid and accurate identification of the target bacteria is urgently needed to prevent and treat bacterial infections. Although technologies including plate-counting and polymerase chain reaction have been established to detect the pathogenic bacteria, they are either time-consuming or sophisticated. Herein, a biomimetic octopus-like structure integrating merits of multiarm and multivalent interaction is designed for ultraspecific capture and detection of pathogens. The flexible polymeric arms and multivalent ligands work together to mimic the arm-sucker coordination of an octopus to effectively grasp the target pathogens, leading to remarkably high capacity and specificity for the target capture (above 98%, 10 CFU mL^-1) without a nonspecific absorption of background pathogens. The captured bacteria can be identified as a point of care by the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy method with a detection limit of 10 cells mL^-1.