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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Echocardiography-guided Injection for Targeted and Reliable Intramyocardial Stem Cell Delivery in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction
Published on: July 25, 2025
An in Vivo miRNA Delivery System for Restoring Infarcted Myocardium
Huaxiao Yang1, Xulei Qin1, Huiyuan Wang2
1Stanford Cardiovascular Institute , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , California 94305 , United States.
Abstract:
A major challenge in myocardial infarction (MI)-related heart failure treatment using microRNA is the efficient and sustainable delivery of miRNAs into myocardium to achieve functional improvement through stimulation of intrinsic myocardial restoration. In this study, we established an in vivo delivery system using polymeric nanoparticles to carry miRNA (miNPs) for localized delivery within a shear-thinning injectable hydrogel. The miNPs triggered proliferation of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells (hESC-CMs and hESC-ECs) and promoted angiogenesis in hypoxic conditions, showing significantly lower cytotoxicity than Lipofectamine. Furthermore, one injected dose of hydrogel/miNP in MI rats demonstrated significantly improved cardiac functions: increased ejection fraction from 45% to 64%, reduced scar size from 20% to 10%, and doubled capillary density in the border zone compared to the control group at 4 weeks. As such, our results indicate that this injectable hydrogel/miNP composite can deliver miRNA to restore injured myocardium efficiently and safely.
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