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Related Experiment Video

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Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control
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Neural Variability Is Quenched by Attention.

Ayelet Arazi1,2, Yaffa Yeshurun3, Ilan Dinstein4,2,5

  • 1Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, araziay@post.bgu.ac.il.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|June 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Attention, encompassing alertness and spatial attention, reduces neural variability. This reduction enhances the signal-to-noise ratio, leading to improved accuracy and faster reaction times, crucial for behavioral benefits.

Keywords:
alertnessneural variabilityspatial attentionvariability quenching

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Human Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Attention enhances perception by increasing neural signal-to-noise ratio.
  • Neural variability reduction is a proposed mechanism for attention's benefits, but empirical evidence in humans is scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of alertness and spatial attention on neural variability in humans.
  • To determine the relationship between attention-induced changes in neural variability and behavioral performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electroencephalography (EEG) to measure trial-by-trial neural variability.
  • Employed visual cues to modulate alertness and spatial attention.

Main Results:

  • Visual cues significantly reduced neural variability.
  • Reductions in neural variability were specific to the visual system and more pronounced in the contralateral hemisphere.
  • Greater reductions in neural variability correlated with enhanced behavioral benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Both alertness and spatial attention modulate neural variability in humans.
  • Reducing neural variability is a key mechanism underlying the behavioral benefits of attention.