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Aging01:26

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Long noncoding RNA in cardiac aging and disease.

Noelia Lozano-Vidal1, Diewertje I Bink1, Reinier A Boon1,2,3

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Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Understanding lncRNA regulation in the heart may lead to new biomarkers for predicting cardiac conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular biology
  • Molecular genetics
  • RNA biology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of death and disability, particularly in aging populations.
  • Increasing life expectancy suggests a growing prevalence of CVDs, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators in various biological processes, including cardiac function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of lncRNA regulation in the context of cardiovascular diseases.
  • To explore the potential of lncRNAs as biomarkers for the early detection and prediction of cardiac conditions.
  • To highlight the significance of lncRNAs in the pathophysiology of heart disease.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of recent studies on lncRNA function in cardiovascular diseases.
  • Analysis of RNA sequencing data to identify non-coding RNAs in cardiac tissues.
  • Synthesis of findings regarding lncRNA mechanisms in cardiac disease models and human studies.

Main Results:

  • A significant portion of the transcriptome consists of non-coding RNAs, including lncRNAs, with diverse regulatory roles.
  • Specific lncRNAs have been identified that are dysregulated in various cardiac pathologies.
  • Evidence suggests lncRNAs can influence cardiac structure and function through epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs represent a novel class of molecules with substantial implications for cardiovascular health and disease.
  • Dysregulation of lncRNAs is implicated in the development and progression of CVDs.
  • lncRNAs hold promise as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases, especially in the elderly.