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Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of ivermectin and amoxicillin in vivo systems

Francielle Aparecida de Sousa1, Cássio Resende de Morais2, Jéssica Soares Vieira3

  • 1Department of Genetics, University Center of Cerrado Patrocínio, Avenida Líria Terezinha Lassi Capuano, 466, 38747-792, Patrocínio, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
|June 2, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Ivermectin (IVM) increases tumor frequency and genotoxicity in model organisms, indicating potential carcinogenic risks. Amoxicillin (AMX) showed no carcinogenic or genotoxic effects in this study.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Genetics
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Antiparasitic substances are crucial for controlling endoparasites and ectoparasites.
  • Ivermectin (IVM) and Amoxicillin (AMX) are frequently used in parasitic control for mammals.
  • Evaluating the safety of these antiparasitics is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the carcinogenic and genotoxic potential of Ivermectin (IVM) and Amoxicillin (AMX).
  • To investigate the effects of different concentrations of IVM and AMX on model organisms.

Main Methods:

  • Epithelial tumor test in Drosophila melanogaster larvae exposed to IVM and AMX.
  • Micronucleus (MN) test in Tradescantia pallida exposed to IVM and AMX.
  • Quantitative analysis of tumor frequency and micronuclei formation.

Main Results:

  • Ivermectin (IVM) significantly increased epithelial tumor frequency in D. melanogaster across all tested concentrations.
  • IVM exposure led to a higher frequency of micronuclei in T. pallida, indicating genotoxicity.
  • Amoxicillin (AMX) did not exhibit carcinogenic or genotoxic effects in either D. melanogaster or T. pallida.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic exposure to Ivermectin (IVM) is linked to genetic instability, manifesting as genotoxicity and carcinogenicity.
  • Amoxicillin (AMX) demonstrates a safe profile, showing neither carcinogenic nor genotoxic properties in the evaluated models.
  • These findings highlight differential safety profiles between IVM and AMX regarding long-term exposure risks.
Keywords:
Antiparasitic substancesEpithelial tumorMicronucleusMutagenicity

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