Using genetic genealogy databases in missing persons cases and to develop suspect leads in violent crimes

Area of Science:

• Forensic Science
• Bioethics
• Genetics

Background:

• Direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic genealogy databases have emerged as a powerful tool in forensic investigations.
• These databases have been instrumental in solving numerous cold cases, including those involving unidentified suspects and missing persons.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of the methods employed in using DTC genetic genealogy for law enforcement.
• To examine the privacy and security concerns associated with these genetic searches.
• To discuss the broader societal implications of using genetic data for identification.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing raw DNA data files uploaded to public genealogy websites (e.g., GEDmatch, FamilyTreeDNA).
• Identifying suspects or missing persons by constructing family trees of genetic relatives within the databases.
• Collaborative efforts between genealogists and law enforcement agencies.

Main Results:

• Successful identification of suspects and missing persons in over fifty cold cases within the past year.
• Demonstration of the technique's effectiveness in solving long-unsolved cases.
• Highlighting the far-reaching impact on individuals who have consented to data sharing and their relatives.

Conclusions:

• The use of genetic genealogy databases has significant implications beyond consented individuals, affecting entire family networks.
• There is an urgent requirement for collaborative development of international guidelines and policies.
• Ensuring responsible and effective utilization of these powerful forensic techniques is paramount.