From nonlinear reaction-diffusion processes to permanent microscale structures

Biomorphs are polycrystalline aggregates that self-assemble during inorganic precipitation reactions. The shape repertoire of these microstructures include hemispherical objects with complicated internal features such as radial spikes and cones as well as folded sheets reminiscent of corals. We propose that at the microscale, some of these patterns are caused by nonlinear reaction-diffusion processes and present a simple model for this unconventional type of precipitation. The model consists of three reaction steps that convert a reactant species autocatalytically into an intermediate and eventually into a solid, immobile product. Numerical simulations of the model in three space dimensions reveal product structures that are similar to the experimentally observed biomorphs.