Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 24, 2026
05:29
Obtaining Hemocytes from the Hawaiian Bobtail Squid Euprymna scolopes and Observing their Adherence to Symbiotic and Non-Symbiotic Bacteria
Published on: February 11, 2010
13.6K
Exploring Legume-Rhizobia Symbiotic Models for Waterlogging Tolerance
Chiara Pucciariello1, Alexandre Boscari2, Andrea Tagliani1
1PlantLab, Institute of Life Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
Frontiers in Plant Science
|June 4, 2019
Summary
Extreme precipitation causes soil waterlogging, impacting legume-rhizobia symbiosis crucial for nitrogen fixation. Understanding these effects is key for improving crop resilience and reducing fertilizer needs.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Biology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Extreme precipitation events leading to soil waterlogging are increasing.
- Legumes form symbiotic relationships with rhizobia for atmospheric nitrogen fixation, enriching soil and reducing fertilizer requirements.
- Waterlogging negatively affects legume productivity and nitrogen fixation, necessitating research for crop improvement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review legume-rhizobia symbiotic models under waterlogging conditions.
- To summarize mechanisms of symbiosis establishment, nodule development, and function during waterlogging.
- To examine oxygen-sensing mechanisms in host plants and rhizobia.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of legume-rhizobia symbiosis.
- Analysis of physiological and molecular responses to waterlogging.
- Focus on oxygen sensing pathways in symbiotic interactions.
Main Results:
- Waterlogging disrupts the delicate balance of the legume-rhizobia symbiosis.
- Oxygen deprivation affects nodule function and nitrogenase activity.
- Host plant and rhizobia possess oxygen-sensing mechanisms that influence symbiosis.
Conclusions:
- Understanding waterlogging's impact on legume-rhizobia symbiosis is vital for developing resilient crops.
- Targeting oxygen-sensing pathways may offer strategies to mitigate waterlogging stress.
- This review highlights key mechanisms for future research in crop improvement.
Related Concept Videos
02:11The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition
47.2K
Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
47.2K
02:17Ecological Succession
21.4K
Ecological succession is influenced by the processes of facilitation, inhibition, and toleration. Facilitation occurs when early successional species create more favorable ecological conditions for subsequent species, such as enhanced nutrient, water, or light availability. In contrast, inhibition happens when early successional species create unfavorable ecological conditions for potential successive species, such as limiting resource availability. In some cases, later successional species...
21.4K
02:00Molecular Models
43.6K
Physical models representing molecular architectures of chemical compounds play essential roles in understanding chemistry. The use of molecular models makes it easier to visualize the structures and shapes of atoms and molecules.
43.6K
02:18The Bohr Model
80.5K
Following the work of Ernest Rutherford and his colleagues in the early twentieth century, the picture of atoms consisting of tiny dense nuclei surrounded by lighter and even tinier electrons continually moving about the nucleus was well established. This picture was called the planetary model since it pictured the atom as a miniature “solar system” with the electrons orbiting the nucleus like planets orbiting the sun. The simplest atom is hydrogen, consisting of a single proton as the...
80.5K
02:16Stereotype Content Model
15.4K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
15.4K
01:09Clearance Models: Physiological Models
297
Drug clearance is a critical pharmacokinetic process involving the irreversible removal of drugs from the body through various organs over a specified time period. Physiological models are indispensable in determining organ-specific clearance, defined by the proportion of the drug eliminated per unit of time from the organ's blood volume.
The organ's clearance rate depends on the blood flow to the organ and the extraction ratio (E). The extraction ratio describes the organ's...
The organ's clearance rate depends on the blood flow to the organ and the extraction ratio (E). The extraction ratio describes the organ's...
297