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Forced Flowering in Mandarin Trees under Phytotron Conditions

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The Complex Interactions Between Flowering Behavior and Fiber Quality in Hemp.

Elma M J Salentijn¹, Jordi Petit¹, Luisa M Trindade¹

¹Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.

Frontiers in Plant Science

|June 4, 2019

Summary

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) requires better understanding of flowering-time and sex determination for improved fiber quality. Molecular breeding can enhance this sustainable crop by identifying key genes controlling these traits.

Keywords:

Cannabis sativa fiber development flowering-time hemp phenology sex determination short-day plant

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Plant Genetics
Biotechnology

Background:

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a valuable fiber crop with high efficiency and biomass quality.
Agronomic traits like flowering-time and sex determination are sensitive to environmental factors and genetic background.
Current research on hemp genetics primarily focuses on cannabinoid pathways, neglecting key phenological and fiber quality traits.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current knowledge on flowering-time, sex determination, and fiber quality in hemp.
To compare hemp's genetic and phenotypic data with other short-day and dioecious plants.
To identify molecular mechanisms controlling these traits for future molecular breeding of hemp.

Main Methods:

Literature review of phenotypic and genetic data for flowering-time, sex determination, and fiber quality.
Comparative analysis of hemp with related plant species.
Discussion of candidate gene approaches for molecular breeding.

Main Results:

Genetic factors significantly influence flowering-time and sex determination in hemp.
Evidence suggests genotypic variation impacts hemp fiber quality.
Several key genes controlling flowering behavior and potentially affecting fiber quality and carbon partitioning have been identified.

Conclusions:

A deeper understanding of the molecular basis of flowering-time and sex determination is crucial for hemp improvement.
Identifying and utilizing natural genetic variations in key genes can lead to desired traits.
Molecular breeding holds promise for developing improved hemp cultivars with enhanced fiber quality and adapted to diverse environments.