Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 24, 2026

A 5-mC Dot Blot Assay Quantifying the DNA Methylation Level of Chondrocyte Dedifferentiation In Vitro
Published on: May 17, 2017
Hospital pharmacy staffing levels in England: has anything changed in the last 5 years?
Raymond W Fitzpatrick1, Susan Sanders2
1School of Pharmacy, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK.
Objective:
To undertake an analysis of hospital pharmacy staffing levels in England comparing national and regional averages for 2007/2008 and 2012/2013.
Methods:
Individual hospital pharmacy staffing establishment data were extracted from the National Health Service (NHS) Pharmacy Education and Development Committee's National NHS Pharmacy Staffing Establishment and Vacancy Survey for 2007/2008 and 2012/2013. Hospital activity data for the 2 years were extracted from the NHS Health and Social Care Information Centre website. For each hospital, the number of whole time equivalent (WTE) pharmacy staff was divided by the number of admissions and a percentage WTE/admission calculated. Acute hospitals were analysed separately from mental health hospitals.
Results:
The mean % WTE pharmacy staff/admission in acute hospitals in England 2012/2013 was 0.114 compared with 0.112 in 2007/2008 (p>0.05). The means for individual staff groups have either remained unchanged or have reduced slightly. There were also changes by region with some increasing and others decreasing. The changes in mental health and social care trusts were more marked with the median % WTE pharmacy staff/admission almost doubling in 2012/2013 compared with 2007/2008. This increase in establishment was seen in all pharmacy staff groups.
Conclusions:
The number of pharmacy staff per admission in acute hospitals in England between 2007/2008 and 2012/2013 has not changed significantly. This indicates that pharmacy services have kept pace with increasing activity. In contrast, pharmacy staffing levels in mental health trusts have almost doubled in the intervening 5 years as a result of a national initiative to develop the workforce in mental health services.
Related Concept Videos
Hospitals-II
Nurses that work in...
Hospitals-I
Global Climate Change
5-Number Summary
In a box plot, the minimum and maximum data values represent the lower and upper whiskers in the graph, and the median is designated as the center of the box in the chart. The first quartile and third...
Work Done During Volume Change
Consider a gas confined to a cylinder fitted with a movable piston at one end. If the gas expands from volume V1 to volume V2, it exerts a force on the piston, such that the piston moves by a distance dr.
The work done by the gas on the piston can be expressed as
Net Change Theorem

