The Effect of Technology-Based Programmes on Changing Health Behaviours of Adolescents: Systematic Review

Technology-based applications in the health field have been increasing in recent years. Since they attract adolescents' attention, technology-based applications can be used in health-promoting interventions. This systematic literature review was conducted to determine the effect of technology-based programmes in changing adolescent health behaviors. In the literature review, 16 randomized controlled empirical studies with full text published in English between 2011 and 2016 in the PubMed and Science Direct databases were investigated. The sample of the studies investigated under the scope of this study consisted of adolescents in the age range of 12-24 years. The intervention time was determined to be a minimum of two weeks and a maximum of 24 months. When the resulting studies were examined, the model was used in some of the studies. The intervention methods used for adolescents were generally presented as informing, counseling services, protection, behavioral change development, self-assessment, goal development and problem-solving. It was observed that the majority of the studies were Internet and computer-based, and some were mobile phone-based. In 56.25% of the studies, the development in the studied health behaviors was found to be significant. In addition, 62.5% of the adolescents stated that they were satisfied with technology-based programmes. In the studies, some of the difficulties in the use of technology included the participants' withdrawing from the research, their having difficulties in accessing the website, and other technical problems. The use of technology in health promotion is becoming widespread, especially among adolescents, which increases the success of behavioural change. However, further randomized controlled studies are needed in the field to increase evidence-based knowledge.