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Related Concept Videos

Thermometers and Temperature Scales01:22

Thermometers and Temperature Scales

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Any physical property that depends consistently and reproducibly on temperature can be used as the basis of a thermometer. For example, volume increases with temperature for most substances. This property is the basis for the common alcohol thermometer and the original mercury thermometers. Other properties used to measure temperature include electrical resistance, color, and the emission of infrared radiation.
As many physical properties depend on temperature, the variety of thermometers is...
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Le Chatelier's Principle: Changing Temperature02:19

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Consistent with the law of mass action, an equilibrium stressed by a change in concentration will shift to re-establish equilibrium without any change in the value of the equilibrium constant, K. When an equilibrium shifts in response to a temperature change, however, it is re-established with a different relative composition that exhibits a different value for the equilibrium constant.
To understand this phenomenon, consider the elementary reaction:
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Principle of Linear Impulse and Momentum for a System of Particles01:21

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In the context of a system of particles moving relative to an inertial frame of reference, the equation of motion is a crucial tool for understanding the dynamics of the system. This equation, which accounts for external forces acting on each particle, plays a fundamental role in describing the system's behavior.
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Principle of Linear Impulse and Momentum for a Single Particle01:20

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Linear momentum is a fundamental concept in physics that describes the motion of an object. It is a vector quantity, having a magnitude equal to the product of its mass and its velocity, and direction along the object's velocity. On the other hand, linear impulse, also known as momentum impulse, is a concept in physics related to the change in the linear momentum of an object. Impulse is a vector quantity defined as the product of force and the time over which the force is applied.
Delving...
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Principle of Linear Impulse and Momentum for a Single Particle: Problem Solving01:23

Principle of Linear Impulse and Momentum for a Single Particle: Problem Solving

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Consider a wooden box and a cylinder of known masses m1 and m2, respectively,  hanging from a ceiling with the help of a massless pulley system.
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The Uncertainty Principle04:08

The Uncertainty Principle

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Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping
09:48

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Published on: November 7, 2016

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Linear multimode interference fiber temperature sensor using the liquid in glass thermometer principle.

D A May-Arrioja, V I Ruiz-Perez, D Lopez-Cortes

    Applied Optics
    |June 4, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study presents a novel temperature sensor using multimode interference. The sensor leverages ethylene glycol

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Sensing
    • Thermometry
    • Fiber Optics

    Background:

    • Accurate temperature measurement is crucial across various scientific and industrial applications.
    • Existing temperature sensors may have limitations in range, sensitivity, or adaptability.
    • Optical fiber-based sensors offer potential advantages in remote and harsh environment sensing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and fabricate a novel temperature sensor utilizing multimode interference (MMI) principles.
    • To investigate the sensor's performance, including sensitivity, linearity, and temperature range adjustability.
    • To demonstrate the sensor's capability for measuring both positive and negative temperatures.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a temperature sensor comprising a glass bulb, capillary, ethylene glycol, and a no-core fiber (NCF).
    • The sensor operates based on the thermal expansion of ethylene glycol, which covers the NCF.
    • Monitoring the peak wavelength shift in the NCF, correlated to temperature variations.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a high sensitivity of 0.4447 nm/°C.
    • Demonstrated a highly linear response with an R² value of 0.99962.
    • Confirmed that the sensing temperature range can be adjusted by altering capillary diameter or bulb volume.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed multimode interference thermometer exhibits excellent performance characteristics for temperature sensing.
    • The sensor's design allows for tunable temperature ranges and the measurement of negative temperatures.
    • This versatile optical fiber sensor holds promise for diverse applications requiring accurate temperature monitoring.