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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

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Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
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Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

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Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
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Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

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Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
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Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

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Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
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Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

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The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
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Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

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Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Application of a New Mesh Fixation Method in Laparoscopic Incisional Hernia Repair
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Application of a New Mesh Fixation Method in Laparoscopic Incisional Hernia Repair

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Acute hiatal hernias.

V Procházka, R Svatoň, F Marek

    Rozhledy V Chirurgii : Mesicnik Ceskoslovenske Chirurgicke Spolecnosti
    |June 5, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Surgical repair of large hiatal hernias offers good outcomes. Acute repairs involved more laparotomies than elective procedures, suggesting careful consideration for emergency surgeries in patients with large hiatal hernias.

    Keywords:
    fundoplicationlaparoscopylarge hiatal herniastomach volvulus

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    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Surgical Gastroenterology
    • Geriatric Surgery

    Background:

    • Large hiatal hernias can lead to life-threatening complications, despite proton pump inhibitor effectiveness for gastroesophageal reflux disease.
    • Surgical repair of large hiatal hernias generally yields good functional outcomes and low complication rates.
    • The incidence of large hiatal hernias increases with age, posing challenges in geriatric patients with comorbidities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare surgical outcomes for large hiatal hernias between acute and elective repair groups.
    • To evaluate the impact of surgical approach on postoperative complications in patients with large hiatal hernias.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective study of 120 patients operated on for large hiatal hernia from 2010-2016.
    • Patients divided into acute (Group A, n=22) and elective (Group B, n=98) surgical groups.
    • Evaluation of demographic data, preoperative symptoms, surgical type, and postoperative complications.

    Main Results:

    • A significantly higher proportion of laparotomies were performed in the acute group (72.7%) compared to the elective group (23.5%).
    • The study identified differences in surgical approaches between acute and elective large hiatal hernia repairs.

    Conclusions:

    • While elective repair of large hiatal hernias is associated with favorable outcomes, acute cases may require more invasive surgical methods.
    • Further research is needed to optimize surgical strategies for acute large hiatal hernias, particularly in elderly patients.