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Selective Viral Transduction of Adult-born Olfactory Neurons for Chronic in vivo Optogenetic Stimulation

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Olfactory threshold selectively predicts positive psychometric schizotypy.

Naina Mathur¹, Christopher Dawes¹, Paula M Moran¹

¹School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72RD, UK.

Schizophrenia Research

|June 5, 2019

Summary

Olfactory impairment may serve as a biomarker for psychosis. Lower olfactory threshold detection selectively predicted unusual experiences in non-clinical individuals, especially those with a family history of mental illness or who smoke.

Keywords:

O-LIFE Olfaction Schizophrenia Schizotypy Sniffin’ sticks

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Simple and Computer-assisted Olfactory Testing for Mice

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Published on: June 15, 2015

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Psychology

Background:

Olfactory impairment is a known characteristic in individuals with schizophrenia.
The link between olfaction and schizotypy in non-clinical populations remains controversial and inconclusive.
Previous studies may have been underpowered, potentially masking small effect sizes in non-clinical groups.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between olfactory function and psychometrically-defined schizotypy in a large non-clinical sample.
To explore whether olfactory impairment can serve as a pre-morbid biological marker for psychosis.
To examine the influence of family history of mental illness and smoking status on the olfaction-schizotypy relationship.

Main Methods:

Utilized the 'sniffin' sticks' test to assess olfactory threshold detection, discrimination, and identification.
Employed the O-LIFE questionnaire to measure schizotypy dimensions.
Recruited 739 non-clinical volunteers, collecting data on family history of mental illness and smoking habits.

Main Results:

Lower olfactory threshold detection was significantly associated with higher scores on the 'unusual experiences' dimension of schizotypy.
This association was more pronounced in participants with a family history of mental illness and/or smoking.
Weak trends suggested links between olfactory identification/discrimination and specific schizotypy dimensions (introvertive anhedonia, cognitive disorganization) in those with a family history.

Conclusions:

Olfactory function, particularly threshold detection, shows potential as a selective predictor of unusual experiences and a biomarker for psychosis risk.
Family history of mental illness and smoking status are crucial factors that may influence the observed relationship between olfaction and schizotypy.
Future research should stratify non-clinical participants based on these factors to improve understanding of olfaction-schizotypy associations.