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Toll-like Receptors as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Kidney Diseases

Qian Ren1, Lu Cheng1, Jing Yi1

  • 1Kidney Research Laboratory, Division of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

Current Medicinal Chemistry
|June 5, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) are crucial for immunity and inflammation. This review details their complex roles in kidney diseases like infections, glomerulonephritis, and transplant dysfunction.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors vital for innate immunity.
  • TLRs recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), initiating inflammatory responses.
  • While TLRs are implicated in kidney diseases, their precise roles remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and update current evidence on the involvement of TLRs in the pathogenesis of various kidney diseases.
  • To elucidate the dual beneficial and detrimental effects of TLRs in renal inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search and review of existing studies on TLRs and kidney diseases.
  • Synthesis of evidence from preclinical and clinical research.

Main Results:

  • TLRs play significant roles in the development and progression of urinary tract infections.
  • Evidence links TLRs to the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis and acute kidney injury.
  • The review highlights TLR involvement in transplant allograft dysfunction and chronic kidney diseases.

Conclusions:

  • TLRs are key mediators in the inflammatory processes underlying diverse kidney pathologies.
  • Further research into TLRs may offer novel therapeutic targets for kidney disease management.
Keywords:
Toll-like receptorsdysfunctionglomerulonephritisinnate immunitykidney diseasestherapy

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