[Clinical Advances in Aortic Diseases: from Aortic Valve to Bifurcation]

There is growing understanding to recognize the aorta as complex system and treat aortic diseases in an integrated fashion.The indication for interventional aortic valve replacement (TAVR) comprises patients with moderate and high perioperative risk and symptomatic, high grade aortic valve stenosis. In contrast "low risk" patients receive conventional therapy. Ongoing randomised trials analyse the expansion of indication towards low risk patients for interventional approaches. A final rating is owing, but first data support the assumption that both therapeutic options may be equivalent. Moreover, the interventional therapy of low flow, low gradient aortic valve stenosis has been revalued and interventional valve-in-valve therapy has been integrated into clinical routine as invidualised decision of the heart team.Aortic diseases include several entities which require specialised diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Studies to evaluate evidence of follow up options need to be performed in future to enable for surveillance tailored to suit medical need.