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Related Concept Videos

Maximum Power Transfer01:16

Maximum Power Transfer

854
Numerous practical applications within engineering disciplines, such as telecommunications, necessitate optimizing power delivery to a connected load. This pursuit, however, entails inherent internal losses, which can either equal or exceed the power supplied to the load. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is helpful in finding the maximum power a linear circuit can deliver to a load. It is assumed in this context that the load resistance can be adjusted.
By substituting the entire circuit with...
854
The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem01:20

The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

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Consider a linear AC Thevenin equivalent circuit connected to a load impedance.
The load connected draws the current, and the circuit delivers the power to the load. The alternating current flowing through the load is determined using the rectangular form of voltages, currents, network impedance, and load impedance. The average power delivered to the load is obtained from the product of the square of current and load resistance.
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Directional Relays01:25

Directional Relays

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Directional relays, essential for managing unidirectional fault currents, enhance the safety and efficiency of power systems. On power lines equipped with directional relays, faults downstream (to the right) of the current transformer typically cause the fault current to lag the bus voltage by approximately 90 degrees, known as the forward direction. In contrast, upstream (left-side) faults may result in the fault current leading the bus voltage by nearly 90 degrees, termed the reverse...
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Overcurrent Relays01:26

Overcurrent Relays

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Overcurrent relays, crucial for circuit protection, are connected to the secondary current of a current transformer. There are two primary types of overcurrent relays: instantaneous and time-delay.
Instantaneous overcurrent relays activate immediately when the input current exceeds a predetermined value, known as the pickup current, instantly energizing the circuit breaker trip coil. This rapid response is vital for addressing severe faults quickly.
Time-delay overcurrent relays, on the other...
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Differential Relays01:20

Differential Relays

746
Differential relays are used to protect generators, buses, and transformers by comparing electrical quantities at different points. When a fault occurs, the difference in current between the two points triggers the relay to operate, opening the circuit breaker. Under normal conditions, the current entering (i1) and leaving (i2) a generator are equal. When a fault occurs, however, these currents become unequal, and the difference current flows in the relay operating coil, causing the relay to...
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Line Protection with Impedance Relays01:27

Line Protection with Impedance Relays

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Coordinating time-delay overcurrent relays in complex radial systems and directional overcurrent relays in multi-source transmission loops can be challenging. Impedance relays address these issues by responding to the voltage-to-current ratio, specifically measuring the apparent impedance of a line. These relays become more sensitive during faults as current increases and voltage decreases, thereby reducing the apparent impedance.
Under normal conditions, low load currents keep the measured...
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Joint Resource Optimization in Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) Enabled Multi-Relay

Weidang Lu1, Guangzhe Liu2, Peiyuan Si3

  • 1College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. luweid@zjut.edu.cn.

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This study optimizes wireless energy and information transfer for Internet of Things (IoT) devices using simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). The new method significantly boosts transmission rates for energy-harvesting IoT systems.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Computer Science
  • Telecommunications

Background:

  • The Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly expanding, leading to significant energy consumption challenges.
  • Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) offers a solution by enabling IoT devices to harvest energy from radio frequency (RF) signals while receiving data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize the transmission rate in a dual-hop multi-relay IoT system employing SWIPT.
  • To maximize the system's overall data transmission rate through joint resource allocation.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated a dual-hop multi-relay IoT system with a decode-and-forward (DF) relay supporting SWIPT.
  • Employed a time-sharing strategy and the Lagrange dual method for joint power and subcarrier allocation optimization.

Main Results:

  • The proposed algorithm achieves a higher transmission rate compared to benchmark algorithms.
  • Demonstrated transmission rate improvements of 2.8%, 3.4%, and 43% with five relays and 0.5 W source power.

Conclusions:

  • The developed resource allocation strategy effectively enhances transmission rates in SWIPT-enabled IoT systems.
  • The algorithm provides a significant performance gain without requiring additional energy supply for relays.