Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 23, 2026

11:42
Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
Published on: July 24, 2015
16.0K
Gate tunable graphene-integrated metasurface modulator for mid-infrared beam steering
Optics Express
|June 6, 2019
Summary
Researchers developed a graphene-integrated metasurface modulator for dynamic control of mid-infrared light. This technology enables high-speed amplitude and phase modulation, paving the way for advanced optical devices.
Area of Science:
- Metasurface devices
- Graphene integration
- Optoelectronics
Background:
- Metasurfaces offer electromagnetic response control.
- Graphene integration is key for dynamic electrical tuning.
- Mid-infrared light manipulation is crucial for various applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To experimentally demonstrate a graphene-integrated metasurface modulator.
- To achieve active control over amplitude and phase of mid-infrared light.
- To explore the potential for reconfigurable surfaces and beam steering.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of graphene-integrated metasurface modulators.
- Experimental characterization of modulation depth and speed.
- Electromagnetic simulations to predict device performance and reconfigurability.
Main Results:
- High modulation depth and speed achieved for mid-infrared light.
- Experimental results align well with simulation predictions.
- Demonstrated potential for reconfigurable surfaces with tunable phase profiles.
Conclusions:
- Graphene-integrated metasurfaces enable dynamic control of light.
- The developed modulator shows promise for high-speed beam steering.
- This research could lead to advancements in dynamic reflective displays and holograms.
Related Concept Videos
Beams
1.8K
Beams are integral components of structural engineering and construction, designed to support loads applied at various points along their length. These long, straight members can be classified based on geometry, cross-section, support type, and equilibrium condition.
Based on geometry, beams can be straight, tapered, or curved. Straight beams are the most common type and have a constant cross-section throughout their length. Tapered beams, on the other hand, have a varying cross-section along...
Based on geometry, beams can be straight, tapered, or curved. Straight beams are the most common type and have a constant cross-section throughout their length. Tapered beams, on the other hand, have a varying cross-section along...
1.8K
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism
3.9K
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
3.9K
Underflow Gates
395
Underflow gates are vital for controlling water flow in irrigation canals. The three main types of underflow gates — vertical, radial, and drum gates — serve different purposes while ensuring effective flow management. Vertical gates move up and down, generating a free-flowing water jet; radial gates pivot to regulate the flow; and drum gates rotate for precise adjustments. The flow through these gates is influenced by downstream conditions, resulting in free or drowned outflow.Free and...
395
Deflection of a Beam
692
Accurately determining beam deflection and slope under various loading conditions in structural engineering is crucial for ensuring safety and structural integrity. Singularity functions offer a streamlined approach to analyzing beams, especially when multiple loading functions complicate the bending moment equation.
Singularity functions, described in an earlier lesson, are powerful mathematical tools that represent discontinuities within a function commonly encountered in structural loading...
Singularity functions, described in an earlier lesson, are powerful mathematical tools that represent discontinuities within a function commonly encountered in structural loading...
692
Non-gated Ion Channels
8.1K
Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
8.1K
Prismatic Beams: Problem Solving
447
In the design of a supported timber beam subjected to a distributed load, both the beam's physical dimensions and the timber's characteristics, such as its grade and species, are critical. These factors determine the allowable stress values, which are crucial for calculating the necessary beam depth to ensure structural integrity and safety.
The design begins with analyzing the beam as a free body to identify moments and force balances, thereby determining support reactions. Next, the...
The design begins with analyzing the beam as a free body to identify moments and force balances, thereby determining support reactions. Next, the...
447

