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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
Published on: July 24, 2015
Gate tunable graphene-integrated metasurface modulator for mid-infrared beam steering
Abstract:
The ability to integrate graphene into metasurface devices has attracted enormous interest as a means of achieving dynamic electrical control of their electromagnetic response. In this manuscript, we experimentally demonstrate a graphene-integrated metasurface modulator that establishes the potential to actively control the amplitude and phase of mid-infrared light with high modulation depth and speed, in good agreement with simulation results. Our simulations also show it is possible to construct a reconfigurable surface with tunable phase profile by incorporating graphene-integrated metasurface modulators with specific geometric parameters. This reconfigurable surface is able to manipulate the orientation of the wave reflected from it, achieving a high-speed, switchable beam steering reflective interface. The results here could inspire research on dynamic reflective display and holograms.
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